Section 29.2111. Upgrading existing UST systems.

Section 280.21 is amended to read as follows:

Section 280.21. (a) Alternatives allowed. Except as specified in subsection (d) of this section, not later than December 22, 1998, all existing UST systems shall comply with 1 of the following requirements:

(1)   New UST system performance standards under section 280.20.

(2)   The upgrading requirements of subsections (b) to (e) of this section.Hazardous substance UST systems shall be upgraded  to  the  new  hazardous substance UST system requirements of section 280.20.

(3)         Closure  requirements   under  subpart  G   of   these    rules, including applicable requirements for corrective action under subpart F of these rules.

(b)    Tank upgrading requirements. Steel tanks shall be upgraded to meet the provisions of section 280.20(d) and 1 of the following requirements:

(1)   Interior lining. A tank may be upgraded once by internal lining if all of the following provisions are complied with:

(i)    The lining is installed    in   accordance    with   the      requirements       of section

280.33 and within 10 years  after   lining  and,  every   5  years thereafter,   the lined tank is internally inspected in accordance with paragraph (ii)(A) to (I) of this subdivision and found to be structurally sound with the lining still performing in accordance with the original design specifications.

(ii)    After the tank is internally inspected and determined to be eligible for upgrading, the interior lining shall be applied in compliance with the american petroleum institute (API) recommended practice 1631 or the national leak prevention association (NLPA) standard 631 and shall be certified by the same methods specified  in   section    280.20(e).   In addition,  all   of  the following requirements shall be met:

(A)    Personnel shall be certified by a national organization acceptable to the department or certified in nondestructive testing, level I competence, in accordance with the  guidelines  specified   by  the American  society for  nondestructive   testing entitled    "Recommended     Practice     No.SNT-TC-1A, Personnel  Qualification  and

Certification in Nondestructive Testing," including being certified in administering training  to,   and examining   and retesting,  personnel   for  certification  of   tank entry, surface preparation,  inspection,  ultrasonic   thickness  gauging,  manway closure, and testing.

(B)   Equipment used for ultrasonic thickness gauging shall have a minimum measurement range of 0.050 inches to 2 inches and a minimum resolution   of 0.002 inches.

(C)   After the tank has been emptied, the internal  tank  surfaces   shall be cleaned as required for the use of ultrasonic thickness gauging.

(D)   For gauging measurement control, tank walls  and  heads   shall  be divided into sections. Measurements for tank walls shall be divided into 3-foot by 3-foot sections beginning at the fill end of the bottom of the tank and extending outward around the tank circumference and along the tank length.Any additional area of the tank wall that is less than 3 feet by 3 feet shall be measured and treated as an additional section. Measurement for tank heads shall divide the tank head into 4 equal divisions by establishing horizontal and vertical diameter lines as axes. Each division shall be divided into 3-foot by 3-foot sections beginning at the center point and extending outward on each axis line. Any additional area of the tank head that is less than  3 feet by 3 feet shall be measured and treated as an additional section.

(E)    Section gauging. Thickness gauging measurements shall be taken  in the center of each section of the tank wall and heads. Thickness readings of 75% or less of the  original  wall   thickness   as   specified   in underwriters laboratories standard 58 (UL 58) shall require further gauging as prescribed for readings or more than 75% of the original wall thickness as specified in UL 58 shall be reported as the average wall thickness  for the section.

(F)    Gauging section subdivisions. Sections that have  a  center gauge measurement of 75% or less than the original  wall   thickness  as specified   in UL 58 shall be subdivided into 9 equal subdivisions. Thickness gauging for each of the subdivisions shall be taken at the center of each subdivision.

The subdivision thickness readings shall then be averaged to get the   average wall thickness for the section.

(G)   Thin wall target area gauging. Areas that have a thickness gauging measurements that are less  than   50%   of    the   original   wall thickness  as specified in UL 58 shall each receive 8 additional readings. Four of the 8 readings shall be equally spaced readings and each of the 4 readings shall be at a 1 1/2 inch radius from the initial reading. The 4 other readings shall be equally spaced readings each at a 3- inch radius from the initial reading. The average of the 8 readings shall be reported as the average reading of the thin wall target area.

(H)     Perforations. Perforations shall be identified and reamed to establish a minimum of 1/8 of an inch edge wall thickness before any repairs. Eight thickness measurements shall be taken around the perforation in the same pattern as described in subparagraph (G) of this paragraph. The  8 thickness measurements shall be averaged and the average  shall  be  reported for the subdivision closest to the perforation.

(I)    Average tank wall thickness. The average tank wall thickness shall be established by averaging    all   of   the   section    thicknesses   reported. Thickness gauge

readings shall be    reported   on    an     ultrasonic       thickness gauging    report form that conforms to the requirements of  subparagraphs  (D) to  (H)  of  this paragraph.

(J)    Thin wall. The presence of any region that has less than 1/8 of an inch of metal due to internal or external corrosion or both internal and external corrosion requires that the tank be provided with an  additional layer  of lining material or have a 1/8 of an inch thick steel plate which has minimum dimensions of 8 inches by 8 inches and which is rolled to the contour of the tank and welded on all seams in a continuous manner covering the thin wall area of the tank.

(K)  A tank is eligible for upgrade  by  lining   only   if   the   average wall thickness as described in subparagraph (I) of this paragraph was found to be more than 75% of the original wall thickness required under the UL 58 standard and if all of the following requirements are met:

(a)   None of the perforations shall be larger than 1 inch  in  diameter, except under the gauging opening, where the perforation shall be not more than 2 1/2 inches in diameter.

(b)   A tank shall not have more than 4 perforations   that  are  1/2   inch in diameter in any 1 square foot area of the tank internal surface.

(c)   A tank shall not have more than 20 perforations that  are  1/2   inch in diameter in any 500 square foot area. The total number of perforations shall not be more than 2 for every year of the age of the tank.

(L)   A tank is not eligible for upgrade if it does not meet the requirements of subparagraph (K) of this paragraph before any repairs. A tank that fails to meet the eligibility requirements for upgrade is required to be replaced or permanently closed in compliance with  subsection  (a)(3) of this section.

(M)    All internally inspected tanks that meet the upgrading requirements by internal lining shall be provided with a 1/4 inch thick steel striker plate which has minimum dimensions of 8 inches by 8 inches and  which  is rolled  to the contour of the tank and welded on all seams in a continuous manner under the fill tube.

(N)   Interior tank walls shall be abrasive blasted in accordance with the steel structures painting council (SSPC) standard SP 5 entitled "White Metal Blast Cleaning" and shall not have any perforations.

(O)    A suspected release meeting the requirements of section 280.50 shall be reported if there are indications of a release or if perforations are found in the tank before the addition of tank lining.

(iii)         All lining materials  and   procedures  shall   be  approved  by the department. Each lining manufacturer shall maintain and submit a current list of qualified applicators to the department. Lining thickness shall be 100-mil dry film thickness or greater.

(iv)    The owner/operator shall notify the department of all tank linings not less than 15 days before any work is performed, unless the department is notified of and approves an emergency repair.  Notification   of  the lining shall be on a form provided  by  the  department.   Lining  shall  be performed  by a qualified applicator.

(v)   The lining company shall provide the owner with a complete report of the tank evaluation,  as   well   as   the   design,   installation,   and operational requirements of the lining system. The report shall be signed by the lining company responsible for the lining upgrade.

(2)   Cathodic protection. A tank may be upgraded by cathodic protection if the cathodic   protection  system   meets   the   requirements    of section 280.20(a)(2)(ii), (iii), and (iv) and all of    the   following provisions are complied with:

(i)   The integrity of the tank is ensured using 1 of the following methods:

(A)    The tank has been installed  for  less   than  10  years   and  has been monitored for the past 12 months for releases using 1  of  the release detection methods specified in section 280.43(d) to (h).

(B)    The tank has been installed for less than 10 years and is assessed for corrosion holes by conducting 2 tightness tests  that  meet  the requirements of section 280.43(c). The first tightness test shall be conducted before installing the cathodic protection system. The second tightness   test  shall be conducted between 3 and 6 months after the first operation of the cathodic protection system.

(C)     The tank is internally inspected and assessed to ensure that the tank is structurally sound and free of internal corrosion and corrosion   holes before installing the cathodic protection system. All personnel involved in the   internal  inspection related activities shall be qualified in accordance with subdivision (1)(ii)(A) of this subsection and shall conduct the ultrasonic thickness gauging in accordance with subdivision (1)(ii)(B) to (G) of this subsection, with the average wall thickness established by averaging all the section thicknesses reported. A tank is eligible for upgrade by cathodic protection alone if the average wall thickness is not less than 75% of the original wall thickness specified in the UL 58 standard.

(D)   The tank is assessed to determine its eligibility for upgrade by cathodic protection by other means determined by the department to prevent releases in a manner that is at least as protective to human health and the environment as the protections specified in paragraph (i)(A) to (C) of this subdivision.

(ii)     The corrosion expert responsible for the design and the installation of the cathodic protection system shall provide the owner with a complete report of all of the results of any corrosion protection investigations, as well as the design, installation, and operational requirements of the cathodic protection system. The report shall be signed  by  the  corrosion expert.

(iii)      All internally inspected tanks that meet the upgrading requirements by cathodic protection shall be provided with a   1/4   inch   thick   steel striker plate which is not less than 8 inches by 8 inches and which is rolled to the contour of the tank and welded on all seams in  a  continuous  manner under  the fill tube.

(iv)       The  owner/operator  shall   notify  the  department   of   all cathodic protection upgrades not less than 15 days before any work is performed, unless the department is notified of and approves an emergency repair. Notification of cathodic protection upgrade shall be on a form provided by the department. Cathodic protection upgrade shall be performed under the direct supervision and instruction of a corrosion expert.

(v)    A suspected release meeting the requirements of section 280.50 shall be reported when there are indications of a  release,  such  as  visual  or olfactory presence of product in the soil, before the addition  of  cathodic protection.

(3)   Internal lining simultaneously combined with cathodic protection. A tank may be upgraded by both internal lining and cathodic protection if all of the following provisions are complied with:

(i)     Not more than  1  month  is   allowed  between  the   lining  and  the installation of cathodic protection.

(ii)    The lining is installed   in    accordance   with   the      requirements     of section

280.33 and subdivision (1)(ii) to (v) of this subsection.

(iii)   Internal inspection requirements will be waived if the lining and the cathodic protection upgrade are done within 1 month of each other.

(iv)     The  cathodic  protection   system  meets    the     requirements         of subdivision

(2)   of this subsection.

(4) Other methods approved by the department.

(c)      Piping upgrading requirements. Metal piping which routinely contains regulated substances and which is in contact with the ground shall be cathodically protected in accordance with the provisions of section 280.20(d) and shall meet the requirements of section 280.20(b)(2)(ii) to (v).

(1)   Replacement of underground piping  systems  in  contact   with   the ground shall include the installation of secondary containment as defined in section 280.12.

(2)   The owner/operator shall notify the department, in  writing,  not less than 15 days before any underground piping upgrade or total replacement of an underground piping system, unless the department is notified of, and approves, an emergency replacement.

(d)  Spill protection  and  overfill  prevention   equipment.  Existing UST systems shall comply with spill protection equipment requirements not later than January 3, 1992. All existing UST systems shall comply with the new UST system overfill prevention equipment requirements  specified  in section 280.20(c).

History: 1998-2000 AACS; 2008 AACS.