Section 336.1624. Emission of volatile organic compounds from existing graphic arts lines.

Rule 624. (1) A person shall not cause or allow the emission of any volatile organic compound from an existing graphic arts line, unless all of the provisions of the following subrules are met or unless an equivalent emission rate, as approved by the department, is achieved. For the purpose of this rule, the term "graphic arts" applies to rotogravure and flexographic operations only.

(2)   For the purpose of this rule, both of the following provisions apply:

(a)    In calculating the calendar day averaging period percent reduction of volatile organic compound emissions from a graphic arts line that is subject to the emission limits specified in subrule (3)(c) of this rule, the starting level shall be the total amount of volatile organic compounds used on the graphic arts line during the calendar day averaging period. This level shall be expressed as pounds of volatile organic compounds.

(b)    It will be assumed that all volatile organic compounds applied to the substrate are emitted, unless captured and controlled by control equipment.

(3)   A person shall not cause or allow the emission of any volatile organic compound from an existing graphic arts line, unless the provisions of 1 or more of the following subdivisions are met:

(a)   The volatile fraction of all inks and coatings used on a graphic arts line as applied to the substrate shall contain a maximum of 25%, by volume, of volatile organic compounds, based upon a calendar day averaging period.

(b)   The nonvolatile fraction of all inks and coatings used on a graphic arts line as applied to the substrate, minus water, shall be a minimum of 60%, by volume, based upon a calendar day averaging period.

(c)     The overall reduction in volatile organic compound emissions, based on pounds of volatile organic compounds from a graphic arts line for which compliance is to be achieved through the use of 1 or more add-on emissions control devices shall be 1 of the following, based upon a calendar day averaging period:

(i)   For publication rotogravure printing, a minimum of 75%.

(ii)   For packaging rotogravure printing, a minimum of 65%.

(iii)   For flexographic printing, a minimum of 60%.

(4)   A person who is responsible for the operation of a graphic arts line that is subject to this rule shall obtain current information, and keep records necessary, for a determination of compliance with this rule, as follows:

(a)   As required in subrule (12) of this rule for sources subject to subrule (3)(a) or (b) of this rule.

(b)    As required in R 336.2041(10)(d) and (e) for sources subject to subrule (3)(c) of this rule.

(5)   Compliance with the emission limits specified in this rule shall be based upon all of the following provisions, as applicable:

(a)   Compliance with the emission limit specified in subrule (3)(a) or (b) of this rule shall be based upon all inks and coatings that are used during each calendar day averaging period.

(b)      Compliance with the applicable calendar day averaging period overall reduction provision specified in subrule (3)(c) of this rule shall be based upon all inks and coatings that are used during each calendar day averaging period.

(c)   If more than 1 compliance option listed in subrule (3) of this rule is used on a graphic arts line during a calendar day averaging period, then compliance shall be determined separately for each option used and shall be based upon all inks and coatings used for each option during each calendar day averaging period.

(d)    The department may specifically authorize compliance to be based upon a longer averaging period than the calendar day averaging period specified in subdivision (a), (b), or (c) of this subrule, but the period shall not be more than 1 calendar month.

(e)   The information and records as required by subrule (4) of this rule.

(6)   Compliance with subrule (3)(a) and (b) of this rule shall be determined using the method described in subrule (11) of this rule. Compliance with subrule (3)(c) of this rule shall be determined using the method described in R 336.2040(11).

(7)   This rule, except for subrule (4) of this rule, does not apply to graphic arts lines which are within a stationary source and which have a total combined actual emission rate of volatile organic compounds of less than 100 pounds per day or 2,000 pounds per month as of the effective date of this amendatory rule. If the combined actual emission rate equals or is more than 100 pounds per day for a subsequent day or 2,000 pounds per month for a subsequent month, then this rule shall permanently apply to the graphic arts lines.

(8)   A person may exclude low-use inks or coatings that total 55 gallons or less per rolling 12-month period at a stationary source from the provisions of this rule, except for subrule (4) of this rule.

(9)   A person may discontinue the operation of a natural gas-fired afterburner, which is used to achieve compliance with the emission limits in this rule, between November 1 and March 31 unless the afterburner is used to achieve compliance with, or is required by, any of the following:

(a)   Any other provisions of these rules.

(b)   A permit to install.

(c)   A permit to operate.

(d)  A voluntary agreement.

(e)   A performance contract.

(f)  A stipulation.

(g)   An order of the department.

(10)   If the operation of a natural gas-fired afterburner is discontinued between November 1 and March 31 under subrule (9) of this rule, then both of the following provisions shall apply between November 1 and March 31:

(a)   All other provisions of this rule, except the emission limits, shall remain in effect.

(b)   All other measures that are used to comply with the emission limits in this rule between April 1 and October 31 shall continue to be used.

(11)   Compliance with subrule (3)(a) and (b) of this rule shall be determined as follows:

(a)   The following equation shall be used to determine if the volatile fraction of all inks and coatings used on a graphic arts line, as applied, meets the volatile organic compound limitation specified in subrule (3)(a) of this rule:

VOC =

N

å LI V VOCI

I =1                                    X 100

N

å LI V VCI

I =1

Where:

VOC = Volatile organic compound fraction of the volatile fraction of all inks and coatings used on a graphic arts line, as applied, each calendar day averaging period, percent.

I = Individual ink or coating, as applied.

N = Number of different inks and coatings used on a graphic arts line, as applied, each calendar day averaging period.

LI = Volume of each ink or coating, as applied, used on the calendar day averaging period, gallons.

VVOCI = Volume fraction of volatile organic compounds in each ink or coating, as applied, percent.

VVCI = Volume fraction of volatiles in each ink or coating, as applied, percent.

The provisions of subrule (3)(a) of this rule shall be met if the value for "VOC" in the equation is less than or equal to 25 percent.

(b)   The following equation shall be used to determine if the nonvolatile fraction of all inks and coatings used on a graphic arts line, as applied, meets the limitation specified in subrule (3)(b) of this rule:

Where:

NV =

N

å LIV  VOCI

N

 

I -1                                   X 100

å LIV  VCI

I =1

NV = Nonvolatile fraction of all inks and coatings used on a graphic arts line, as applied, minus water and exempt compounds, by volume, on a calendar day averaging period, percent.

I = Individual ink or coating, as applied.

N = Number of different coatings and inks used on a graphic arts line, as applied, each calendar day averaging period.

LI = Volume of each ink or coating, as applied, used on the calendar day averaging period, gallons.

VI = Volume fraction of nonvolatiles in each ink or coating, as applied, percent.

VVOCI  = Volume fraction of volatile organic compounds in each ink or coating, as applied, percent.

The provisions of subrule (3)(b) of this rule shall be met if the value for "NV" in the equation is equal to or greater than 60 percent.

(12)   A person subject to subrule (3)(a) or (b) of this rule shall keep the following records:

(a)   For graphic arts lines subject to subrule (3)(a) of this rule:

(i)    The name, identification number, and volume "LI", of each ink or coating used each calendar day averaging period.

(ii)    The volume fraction of volatile organic compounds in each ink or coating, as applied, each calendar day averaging period.

(iii)   The volume fraction of volatiles in each ink or coating, as applied, during each calendar day averaging period.

(iv)   The volatile organic compound fraction of the volatile fraction of all inks and coatings used on a graphic arts line, as applied, each calendar day averaging period.

(b)   For graphic arts lines subject to subrule (3)(b) of this rule:

(i)    The name, identification number, and volume "LI", of each ink or coating used each calendar day averaging period.

(ii)   The volume fraction of nonvolatiles in each ink or coating, as applied, each calendar day averaging period.

(iii)     The volume fraction of nonvolatiles in all inks and coatings used each calendar day averaging period.

History: 1981 AACS; 1993 AACS; 1999 AACS.