Section 336.2040. Method for determination of volatile organic compound emissions from coating lines and graphic arts lines.

(1) The methods described in this rule shall be used for the determination of volatile organic compound emissions from coating lines and graphic arts

lines for the purpose of determining compliance, during the specified averaging period, with an emission limit contained in any of the following:

(a)      These rules.

(b)      A permit to install.

(c)      A permit to operate.

(d)      A voluntary agreement.

(e)      A performance contract.

(f)      A stipulation.

(g)      An order of the department.

For emission limits expressed as pounds of volatile organic compounds per gallon of coating, minus water, as applied, the phrase "minus water" shall also include compounds which are used as organic solvents and which are excluded from the definition of volatile organic compound. Concentrations of volatile organic compounds in coatings and inks shall be determined by excluding water and compounds which are used as organic solvents and which are excluded from the definition of volatile organic compound from both the volume of volatiles in the coatings and inks and the volume of the coatings and inks as applied.

(2)    Unless otherwise specified in these rules or in a legally enforceable permit, order, or contract as described in subrule (1) of this rule, for a particular coating line or graphic arts line, the applicable method for the determination of volatile organic emissions from coating lines and graphic arts lines is based upon the form of  the specified emission limit as follows:

(a)      For coating lines that do not have an add-on emissions control device for which emission limits are expressed in pounds of volatile organic compounds per gallon of coating, minus water, as applied, use the method described in subrule (12)(a) of this rule.

(b)      For coating lines that have 1 or more add-on emissions control devices for which emission limits are expressed in pounds of volatile organic compounds per gallon of coating, minus water, as applied, use the method described in subrule (12)(b) of this rule.

(c)      For coating lines that do not have an add-on emissions control device for which emission limits are expressed in pounds of volatile organic compounds per gallon of coating solids, as applied, use the method described in subrule (12)(c) of this rule.

(d)      For coating lines with 1 or more add-on emissions control devices for which emission limits are expressed in pounds of volatile organic compounds per gallon of coating solids, as applied, use the method described in subrule (12)(d) of this rule.

(e)      For coating lines that do not have an add-on emissions control device for which emission limits are expressed in pounds of volatile organic compounds per

gallon of applied coating solids, use the method described in subrule (12)(e) of this rule.

(f)      For coating lines that have 1 or more add-on emissions control devices for which emission limits are expressed in pounds of volatile organic compounds per gallon of applied coating solids, use the method described in subrule (12)(f) of this rule.

(g)      For graphic arts lines that do not have an add-on emissions control device for which emission limits are expressed in pounds of volatile organic compounds per pound of solids, as applied, use the method described in subrule (12)(g) of this rule.

(h)      For graphic arts lines that have 1 or more add-on emissions control devices for which emission limits are expressed in pounds of volatile organic compounds per pound of solids, as applied, use the method described in subrule (12)(h) of this rule.

(i)      For flatwood paneling coating lines that do not have an add-on emissions control device for which emission limits are expressed in pounds of volatile organic compounds per 1,000 square feet of coated finished product, use the method described in subrule (12)(i) of this rule.

(j)      For flatwood paneling coating lines that have 1 or more add-on emissions control devices for which emission limits are expressed in pounds of volatile organic compounds per 1,000 square feet of coated finished product, use the method described in subrule (12)(j) of this rule.

(3)     The following nomenclature applies to the equations described in this rule:

(a)      a = An individual duct through which gases containing volatile organic compounds are ducted to an add-on emissions control device.

(b)      B = Modified emission limit, converted from pounds of volatile organic compounds per gallon of coating, minus water, as applied, to pounds of volatile organic compounds per gallon of coating solids as applied.

(c)      Cim = Concentration of volatile organic compounds, as measured  by the applicable method, in the effluent gas flowing through stack "m" leaving the add-on emissions control device (parts per million by volume).

(d)     Cza = Concentration of volatile organic compounds, as measured by the applicable method, in the influent gas flowing through duct "a" entering the add-on emissions control device (parts per million by volume).

(e)      Dci = Density of each ink or coating "i" as received from the ink or coating supplier (pounds per gallon of ink or coating).

(f)      Dsj = Density of each volatile organic compound dilution solvent "j" added to the coating (pounds per gallon of solvent, minus water).

(g)      DE = Volatile organic compound destruction efficiency of the add-on emissions control device.

(h)      E = Emission limit expressed in pounds of volatile organic compounds per gallon of coating, minus water, as applied.

(i)      GT = Total volume of all coatings "z" used during the averaging period (gallons of coating, minus water, as applied).

(j)      i = An individual coating used during the averaging period that belongs to the coating category for which a compliance determination is being made pursuant to the provisions of this rule. For a graphic arts line, "i" is an individual ink or coating used during the averaging period.

(k)      j = An individual dilution solvent used during the averaging period that is used in conjunction with a coating "i".

(l)      k = An individual method of application of coating solids.

(m)      Lci = Volume of each coating "i" used during the averaging period (gallons of coating, minus water, as applied).

(n)      Ldi = Volume of each ink or coating "i" as received from the ink or coating supplier and used during the averaging period (gallons of ink or coating).

(o)      Lik = Volume of each coating "i" used by each application method "k" during the averaging period (gallons of coating, minus water, as applied).

(p)      Lsj = Volume of each volatile organic compound dilution solvent "j" added to the coating during the averaging period (gallons of solvent, minus water).

(q)      M = Total weight of volatile organic compounds in all coatings "z" used during the averaging period for a coating line or a graphic arts line (pounds).

(r)      m = An individual stack through which gases containing volatile organic compounds are ducted to the ambient air from an add-on emissions control device.

(s)      Mr = Total weight of volatile organic compounds recovered from a recovery- type add-on emissions control device during the averaging period (pounds).

(t)      N = Fraction, by weight, of the total volatile organic compounds emitted from an operation which is captured and enters the add-on emissions control device (pound per pound).

(u)      NTr = Fraction, by weight, of the total volatile organic compounds in all coatings "z" used during the averaging period for a coating line or a graphic arts line which is controlled by an add-on emissions control device "r" (pound per pound).

(v)      P = For an individual coating "i," pounds of volatile organic compounds per gallon of coating, minus water, as applied.

(w)      Ps = For an individual coating "i," pounds of volatile organic compounds, minus water, as received from the ink or coating supplier.

(x)      Pa = As used in subrule (12)(a) of this rule for coating lines that do not have an add-on emissions control device, volume-weighted average pounds of volatile organic compounds per gallon of coating, minus water, as applied, for a single coating category during the averaging period.

(y)      Pb = As used in subrule (12)(b) of this rule for coating lines that have 1 or more add-on emissions control devices, volume-weighted average pounds of volatile

organic compounds per gallon of coating, minus water, as applied, for a single coating category during the averaging period.

(z)      Pc = As used in subrule (12)(c) of this rule for coating lines that do not have an add-on emissions control device, volume-weighted average pounds of volatile organic compounds per gallon  of coating solids, as applied, for a  single coating category during the averaging period.

(aa) Pd = As used in subrule (12)(d) of this rule for coating lines that have 1 or more add-on emissions control devices, volume-weighted average pounds of volatile organic compounds per gallon  of coating solids,  as applied, for a  single coating category during the averaging period.

(bb) Pe = As used in subrule (12)(e) of this rule for coating lines that do not have an add-on emissions control device, volume- weighted average pounds of volatile organic compounds per gallon of applied coating solids for a single coating category during the averaging period.

(cc) Pf = As used in subrule (12)(f) of this rule for coating lines that have 1 or more add-on emissions control devices, volume-weighted average pounds of volatile organic compounds per gallon of applied coating solids for a single coating category during the averaging period.

(dd) Pg = As used in subrule (12)(g) of this rule for graphic arts lines that do not have an add-on emissions control device, average pounds of volatile organic compounds per pound of solids, as applied, for all inks and coatings used during the averaging period.

(ee) Ph = As used in subrule (12)(h) of this rule for graphic arts lines that have 1 or more add-on emissions control devices, average pounds of volatile organic compounds per pound of solids, as applied, for all inks and coatings used during the averaging period.

(ff) Pi = As used in subrule (12)(i) of this rule for flatwood paneling coating lines that do not have an add-on emissions control devices, volume-weighted  average pounds of volatile organic compounds per 1,000 square feet of coated finished product for a single-coating category during the averaging period.

(gg) Pj = As used in subrule (12)(j) of this rule for flatwood paneling coating lines that have 1 or more add-on emissions control devices, volume-weighted average pounds of volatile organic compounds per 1,000 square feet of coated finished product for a single-coating category during the averaging period.

(hh) Qim = Volumetric flow rate of the effluent gas flowing through stack "m" leaving the add-on emissions control device (dry standard cubic feet per hour).

(ii) Qza = Volumetric flow rate of the influent gas flowing through duct "a" entering the add-on emissions control device (dry standard cubic feet per hour).

(jj) Q3n = Volumetric flow rate of the effluent gas leaving an uncontrolled stack "n" (dry standard cubic feet per hour).

(kk) r = An individual add-on emissions control device.

(ll) Rr = Reduction efficiency of a single add-on emissions control device.

(mm) Rt  = Overall reduction efficiency of all add-on emissions control devices used for a coating line or a graphic arts line.

(nn) s =The total number of different add-on control devices "r" on a coating line or graphic arts line.

(oo) Sq = The total surface area of coated finished product for a single-coating category for a flatwood paneling coating line during the averaging period (square feet).

(pp) T  = Overall transfer  efficiency  for  all  coatings  "i"  for  a  single-coating category on a coating line for the averaging period.

(qq) t = The total number of stacks "m" leaving an add-on emissions control device "r".

(rr) Ti = Transfer efficiency for application of coating "i" (%).

(ss) u = Total number of ducts "a" entering an add-on emissions control device

"r".

(tt) Uci = For representative colors and parts that are tested for transfer efficiency,

"Uci" is the volume of each representative color of coating that is applied to each representative part on a coating line during the averaging period.

(uu) V = For a coating line, the volume of solids in all coatings used "zc" during the averaging period (gallons).

(vv) Vci = Proportion of solids by volume in each coating "i" (gallon of solids per gallon of coating, minus water, as applied).

(ww) W = For a graphic arts line, the weight of solids in all inks and coatings used "zg" during the averaging period (pounds).

(xx) Wci = Proportion of volatiles (volatile organic compounds, water, and exempt compounds) by weight in each ink or coating "i" as received from the ink or coating supplier (pound of volatiles per pound of coating).

(yy) x = The total number of different application methods "k." (zz) y = The total number of different dilution solvents "j."

(aaa) z = The total number of different coatings "i" used on a coating line or different number of inks and coatings "i" used on a graphic arts line during the averaging period.  "z" is used generically in the equations specified in this rule for "zc" when the calculation is made for a coating line and for "zg" when the calculation is made for a graphic arts line.

(bbb) zc = The total number of different coatings "i" in the same coating category used during the averaging period.

(ccc) zg = The total number of different inks and coatings "i" used during the averaging period.

(4)    The following provisions apply to the calculations for a coating line or graphic arts line made pursuant to the methods described in this rule:

(a)      When carrying out calculations, carry not less than 5 significant digits in intermediate calculations. Round off figures after the final calculation, rounding off calculated emission numbers to not less than 2, but not more than 3, significant figures.

(b)      The calculations for a coating line shall include all of the coatings which are in the same coating category and which are used during the averaging period as specified in the applicable emission limit.

(c)      Except as specified in R 336.1624(5)(d), the calculations for a graphic arts line shall include all of the inks and coatings that are used during the averaging period as specified in the applicable emission limit.

(5)    The volatile organic compound content of an ink or coating, minus water, as applied, "P," shall be determined using any of the following methods:

(a)      The volatile organic compound content of an ink or coating, minus water, as applied, "P," shall be determined according to all of the following provisions:

(i)      The volatile organic compound content, minus water, as applied, shall be determined as follows:

(A)    For a coating used on a coating line or a coating used on a graphic arts line, the volatile organic compound content, minus water, as applied, shall be determined using federal reference method 24 or federal reference method 24a, as applicable to the coating, as described in R 336.2004, or an alternate method approved by the department.

(B)     For an ink that is used on a graphic arts line, the volatile organic compound content, minus water, as applied, shall be determined using federal reference method 24a, as described in R 336.2004.

(ii)      The ink or coating sample shall be taken at a point where the sample will be representative of the ink or coating material as applied.

(iii)      The sample shall be stored in an enclosed container that is not less than 1 pint in volume.

(iv)      By using a procedure that is acceptable to the department, the amount of any compound in the sample that is excluded from the definition of volatile organic compound may be quantified and subtracted from the total amount of volatiles in the sample as determined by federal reference method 24, federal reference method 24a, or an alternate method that is approved by the department. In this case, the volume of any excluded compound in the sample shall also be subtracted from the volume of the ink or coating sample.

(b)      Upon written approval by the department, the volatile organic compound content of an ink or coating may be determined from formulation data, which includes batch composition information from the ink or coating manufacturer and the amount of volatile organic compound dilution solvent added to the ink or coating before application. In this case, "P" shall be calculated using the following equation:

P= Ldi Ps  + Lsj Dsj

Ldi + Lsj

(c)      If a coating or ink is tested by a federal reference method 24 or 24a analysis or by an alternate method approved by the department and the results are different than calculated through formulation data review, then the test method results shall be used for determining compliance with the emission limit.

(6)     The weight of volatile organic compounds that are used during the averaging period shall be calculated using the following equation, where "z" is the total number of coatings used:

z

M = åLci P

i=1

(7)     The total volume of coating solids that are used during the averaging period shall be calculated using the following equation, where "z" is the total number of coatings used:

z

V = åLci  V ci i=1

(8)     The total weight of ink and coating solids that are used during the averaging period shall be calculated using the following equation, where "zg" is the total number of inks and coatings used during the averaging period:

zg

W = åLdi Dci (1-W  ci )

i=1

(9)     The  transfer   efficiency  shall  be  determined   by  the  following   method,  if approved by the department, or by an alternate method approved by the department:

(a)      A person who is responsible for the transfer efficiency test shall identify all of the following in a coating operation transfer efficiency test proposal and shall submit the proposal to the department for approval not less than 30 days before the transfer efficiency test:

(i)      All processing sequences. A processing sequence is the combination and order of paint booths, flash-off areas, ovens, and application equipment necessary to apply a coating.

(ii)      The coating categories used on each processing sequence.

(iii)       The representative coating color in each coating category. A representative color shall be determined based upon the volume of coating used in relation to the total volume of coating category coatings used and any other parameters acceptable to the department. If it is believed by the department that the

transfer efficiency of the various coatings within the same coating category would be different as a result of different coating technologies, such as for metallic topcoat coatings and nonmetallic topcoat coatings, 2 or more representative coating colors may be required by the department to be tested.

(iv)      At a minimum, 2 different representative parts coated in each processing sequence. A representative part shall be determined based on the numbers of the part coated in relation to the total number of parts coated, the configuration of the part, and any other parameters acceptable to the department.

(b)      For the initial transfer efficiency tests, a person shall test, at a minimum, the representative color or colors in each coating category used on each representative part in each processing sequence. To more closely represent actual process conditions, coatings applied wet-on-wet, such as basecoat and clearcoat, may be tested together. Also, identical colors or clear coats on identical parts in identical processing sequences need not be tested.

(c)      A person who is responsible for the transfer efficiency test shall review the operating conditions annually thereafter and demonstrate, to the satisfaction of the department, that significant changes have not occurred in coating technology, the parts coated, or the processing sequence.  The most recent test results shall remain valid for 5 years if the person demonstrates that significant change has not occurred. Significant product, processing, material, or application equipment changes shall necessitate retesting of the transfer efficiency of the operations that have been modified. The retesting shall be done as soon as practicable, but not more than 180 days after the start-up and stabilization of the new product, process, material, or application equipment. New transfer efficiency values determined by the retest shall be used retroactively to the start-up of the new product, process, material, or application equipment.

(d)     Retests on a coating line may be limited to a representative coating on not less than 2 representative parts in a representative processing sequence, as approved by the department. A representative processing sequence shall be determined based upon coating usage, application equipment, and any other parameters acceptable to the department.

(e)      The area in the facility to be used for part weighing shall be selected so as to provide for an area that has relatively constant temperature and minimal air movement.

(f)      Except as allowed pursuant to the provisions of subdivision (b) of this subrule, the coating being tested shall be the only coating applied during the transfer efficiency test.  If the part is weighed, weight loss from all other materials shall be accounted for in the initial test weight.

(g)      A minimum of  10  parts  per  transfer  efficiency test shall  be  weighed  to determine the weight of the solids applied. The average weight gain for the 10 parts tested shall be used as the part weight gain for that transfer efficiency test. All transfer efficiency tests for a processing sequence shall be completed within a 36-hour period.

(h)      Each part to be painted shall be identified and preweighed to the nearest 0.05 pound.

(i)      The selected paint material at each paint system or paint pot dedicated for the transfer efficiency test shall be isolated.

(j)      The amount of material used during the transfer efficiency test shall be determined by either of the following measurement procedures:

(i)      The weight measurement procedure as follows:

(A)    Weigh the tank of reduced paint, to the nearest 0.01 pound, after all supply and return lines have been filled.

(B)    Connect the paint tank to the system and paint the test parts.

(C)    Reweigh the tank to the nearest 0.01 pound.

(D)    Determine the weight of paint material used by subtracting the final weight of the tank from the initial weight of the tank.

(E)    Obtain paint samples for weight solids determination.

(F)    Do both the initial and final weighings of the paint tank with the tank pressurized or with the tank not pressurized.

(ii)      A volume measurement procedure that is acceptable to the department.

(k)      Each painted test part shall be reweighed to the nearest 0.01 pound after paint has cured and cooled.

(l)      The weight of the solids in the paint samples shall be determined using ASTM-D2369. ASTM-D2369 is adopted in these rules by reference. A copy of this document may be inspected at the Lansing office of the air quality division of the department of environmental quality. A copy of this document may be obtained from the American Society for Testing and Materials, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, Pennsylvania 19428, or from the Department of Environmental Quality, Air Quality Division, P.O. Box 30260, Lansing, Michigan 48909-7760, at a cost as of the time of adoption of these rules of $25.00.

(m)      The coating density in pounds per gallon shall be determined using ASTM-D1475. ASTM-D1475 is adopted in these rules by reference. A copy of this document may be inspected at the Lansing office of the air quality division of the department of environmental quality. A copy of this document may be obtained from the American Society for Testing and Materials, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, Pennsylvania 19428, or from the Department of Environmental Quality, Air Quality Division, P.O. Box 30260, Lansing, Michigan 48909-7760, at a cost as of the time of adoption of these rules of $25.00.

(n)      The following equation shall be used to calculate the transfer efficiency for the application of coating "i":

=                         Total weight gain of  parts tested                         

T i        (total weight of coating used per test) x (weight fraction solids)

(o)      Where more than 1 part type or coating are tested on a coating line for a single coating category, the overall transfer efficiency "T" for the coating category shall be determined by averaging the individual transfer efficiency values based upon a volume-weighted average of coatings applied during the averaging period for each

different color and part type tested. This overall transfer efficiency shall be calculated by using the following equation, where "aa" is the number of coatings tested and "bb" is the number of part types tested:

aa   bb

ååT  ci  U ci

T =

 

 i=1 c=1                    

aa   bb

ååU  ci

i-1 c=1

(p)      Baseline operating parameters of the paint application equipment and the paint booths shall be established for each transfer efficiency test and shall serve as a basis for determining compliance. These parameters shall be included in a transfer efficiency test report and shall include all of the following information:

(i)      Type of spray equipment.

(ii)      Electrostatic voltage.

(iii)      Size and geometry of the part coated.

(iv)      Gun-to-target distance (nonmanual).

(v)      Number of parts per conveyor hook.

(vi)      Air velocity in spray booth (linear feet per minute).

(vii)       Fluid flow settings (by color).

(viii)       Bell revolutions per minute for minibells.

(ix)      Atomizing air pressure.

(10)     The capture efficiency "N" shall be determined as follows:

(a)      The capture efficiency "N" shall be determined by using the methods specified in 40 C.F.R. §52.741(a)(4)(iii) entitled "Capture Efficiency Test Protocols" and in appendix B entitled "Volatile Organic Material Measurement Techniques for Capture Efficiency," with the following modifications:

(i)      The general modifications are as follows:

(a)(4)(iii)(a)(2) If a source owner or operator uses a control device designed to collect and recover voc, for example, carbon adsorber, an explicit measurement of capture efficiency is not necessary if the conditions described in 40 C.F.R. §52.741(a)(4)(iii) are met. The overall emission reduction efficiency of the control system shall be determined each day by directly comparing the input liquid voc to the recovered liquid voc. The procedure for use in this situation is given in 40 C.F.R. §60.433, with the following modifications:

(i)      The source owner or operator shall obtain data each day for the solvent usage and solvent recovery and determine the solvent recovery efficiency of the system each day using a 7-day rolling period. The recovery efficiency for each day is computed as the ratio of the total recovered solvent for that day and the

prior 6 consecutive operating days to the total solvent usage for the same 7-day period weighted average as given in 40 C.F.R. §60.433. This ratio shall be expressed as a percentage. The ratio shall be computed within 72 hours after each 24-hour period. With the approval of the administrator, a source that believes that the 7-day rolling period is not appropriate may use an alternative multi-day rolling period of not more than 30 days.

Appendix B

For procedures G.1, G.2, F.2, F.1, and L, the following modifications:

1.4 Sampling requirements. A capture efficiency test shall consist of not less than 3 sampling runs. Each run shall cover at least 1 complete production cycle, but shall be not less than 3 hours long. The sampling time for each run need not be more than 8 hours, even if the production cycle has not been completed. Alternative sampling times may be used if approved by the administrator.

For procedure L, the following addition:

5.4      Audit procedure. Concurrently, analyze the audit sample and a set of compliance samples in the same manner to evaluate the technique of the analyst and the standards preparation. The same analyst, analytical reagents, and analytical system shall be used both for compliance samples and the EPA audit sample. If this condition is met, the auditing of subsequent compliance analyses for the same enforcement agency within 30 days is not required. An audit sample set shall not be used to validate different sets of compliance samples under the jurisdiction of different enforcement agencies, unless prior arrangements are made with both enforcement agencies.

For procedures G.1, G.2, F.2, F.1, and L, the following additions:

5.5       (5.6 for procedure G.2) Audit samples. Audit sample availability. Audit samples will be supplied only to enforcement agencies for compliance tests. The availability of audit samples may be obtained by writing to the following address:

Source Test Audit Coordinator (MD-77B) Quality Assurance Division

Atmospheric Research and Exposure Assessment Laboratory

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Research Triangle Park, NC 27711

The availability of audit samples may also be obtained by calling the source test audit coordinator (STAC) at [phone]. The request for the audit sample shall be made not less than 30 days before the scheduled compliance sample analysis.

5.6        (5.7 for procedure G.2) Audit results. Calculate the audit sample concentration according to the calculation procedure described in the audit instructions included with the audit sample. Fill in the audit sample concentration and the analyst's name on the audit response form included with the audit instructions. Send 1 copy to the EPA regional office or the appropriate enforcement agency and a second copy to the STAC. The EPA regional office or the appropriate enforcement agency will report the results of the audit to the laboratory being audited. Include this response with the results of the compliance samples in relevant reports to the EPA regional office or the appropriate enforcement agency.

(ii)      Owners or operators of coating lines that have multiple stacks may choose to apply the following modifications in addition to the modifications listed in paragraph (i) of this subdivision and to replace the modification to 1.4 listed in paragraph (i) of this subdivision:

(a)(4)(iii)(B) The capture efficiency of a coating line shall be measured using 1 of the 5 protocols given below. Any error margin associated with a test protocol shall not be incorporated into the results of a capture efficiency test. If these techniques are not suitable for a particular process, then the source shall present an alternative capture efficiency protocol and obtain approval for it by the administrator as a sip or fip revision.

(5) Liquid/gas method measuring the captured emission, Gw, and liquid input, L. This procedure may only be used when the capture efficiency for a coating line is expected to be less than 50%. The capture efficiency equation to be used for this protocol is:

Where:

CE  = Gw/L

CE = Coating line capture efficiency, decimal fraction.

Gw = Mass of vom captured and delivered to a control device. L = Mass of liquid vom input to coating line.

Procedure G.1 contained in appendix B of this section is used to obtain Gw. Procedure L contained in appendix B or the alternate method in R 336.2007 shall be used to determine L.

Appendix B

For procedures G.1, G.2, F.2, F.1, and L, the following modification:

1.4 Sampling requirements. A capture efficiency test shall consist of not less than 3 sampling runs. Each run shall cover at least 1 complete production or processing cycle or shall be at least 1 hour in duration. For automotive surface coating operations, the sampling time per test shall be based on coating a minimum of 3 representative vehicles.

(b)      The test protocols and appendix B of 40 C.F.R. §52.741(a)(4)(iii) are adopted in these rules by reference. A copy of these regulations may be inspected at the Lansing office of the air quality division of the department of

environmental quality. A copy of these regulations may be obtained from the Department of Environmental Quality, Air Quality Division, P.O. Box 30260, Lansing, Michigan 48909-7760, at no charge. A copy of 40 C.F.R. part 52 may be obtained from the Superintendent of Documents, Government Printing Office, P.O. Box 371954, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15250-7954, at a cost as of the time of adoption of these rules of $36.00, or on the United States government printing office internet web site at http://www.access.gpo.gov.

(c)      Where multiple capture systems are used on a coating line or a graphic arts line, the appropriate capture efficiency for each application method shall be determined and the overall capture efficiency for the coating line shall be based upon a mass-weighted average of all volatile organic compounds used on the coating line or the graphic arts line during the averaging period.

(11)    The overall reduction efficiency of add-on emissions control devices shall be determined using 1 or more of the following methods, as applicable:

(a)      When a destructive-type add-on emissions control device is used, the reduction efficiency for the add-on emissions control device shall be determined by using the following method:

(i)      The destruction efficiency of the add-on emissions control device is calculated by using the following equation, where "u" is the total number of ducts entering the control device and "t" is the total number of stacks leaving the control device:

u                                  t

åQ  za C za -åQim Cim

u

 

DE  = a=1                           m=1                      

åQ  za C za a=1

(ii)      Using the destruction efficiency as determined in paragraph (i) of this subdivision, the reduction efficiency of the add-on emissions control device is calculated by using the following equation:

Rr =(DE) N

(iii)      If there is only 1 add-on emissions control device used on a coating line or graphic arts line, use the value calculated for "Rr" pursuant to paragraph (ii) of this subdivision as the value for RT in subsequent calculations.

(iv)      The concentration of volatile organic compound emissions entering and exiting the add-on emissions control device shall be determined by using federal reference methods 25 or 25a, federal reference method 18 if approved by the department, the alternate version of federal reference method 25 incorporating the Byron analysis, or an alternate method that is acceptable to the department. Federal reference  methods  1,  2,  3,  and  4  shall  be  used  for  the  determination  of  the

volumetric flow rate in the effluent gas.  Alternate federal reference method 1A, 2A, 2C, or 2D shall be used where appropriate.

(b)      When an add-on emissions control device is used that recovers volatile organic compounds, the reduction efficiency of the device shall be determined by using 1 of the following methods:

(i)      A mass balance of the products used and the products recovered, using the following equation:

r

 

R = M r

M

(ii)      An alternate method that is acceptable to the department.

(iii)      If there is only 1 add-on emissions control device used on a coating line or a graphic arts line, use the value calculated for "Rr" pursuant to paragraph (i) or

(ii) of this subdivision as the value for RT  in subsequent calculations.

(c)      If there is more than 1 add-on emissions control device used on a coating line or a graphic arts line, calculate the overall reduction efficiency by using the following equation:

s

RT = å Rr ( NT r )

r=1

(12)    Compliance with the specified emission limit shall be determined using 1 of the following methods, as applicable, based upon the form of the emission limit:

(a)      For coating lines that do not have an add-on emissions control device for which emission limits are expressed in pounds of volatile organic compounds per gallon of coating, minus water, as applied, use either of the following methods:

(i)      If only 1 coating is used on the coating line during the averaging time, use the following method:

(A)    Determine the volatile organic compound content of the coating, minus water, as applied, "P," by using the method described in subrule (5) of this rule.

(B)     If "P" is less than or equal to the specified emission limit, the coating line meets the emission limit.

(ii)      If more than 1 coating of the same coating category is used on the coating line during the averaging period, use the following method:

(A)    Determine the volatile organic compound content of each coating, minus water, as applied, that belongs to the same coating category "P" used during the averaging period by using the method described in subrule (5) of this rule.

(B)    Determine the weight of volatile organic compounds used during the averaging period "M" by using the method described in subrule (6) of this rule.

(C)    Determine the total volume of coatings used on the coating line during the averaging period "GT"  using  the following equation:

z

GT = å Lci

i=1

(D)    Determine the volume-weighted average weight of volatile organic compounds per gallon, minus water, as applied, by using the following equation:

a

 

P = M

GT

(E)    If "Pa" is less than or equal to the specified emission limit, the coating line meets the emission limit.

(b)      For coating lines that have 1 or more add-on emissions control devices for which emission limits are expressed in pounds of volatile organic compounds per gallon of coating, minus water, as applied, use the following method:

(i)      Convert the specified emission limit to a modified emission limit "B" expressed in pounds of volatile organic compounds per gallon of coating solids, as applied, by using the following equation:

B=     E 1 -   E

7.36

(ii)      Determine the volatile organic compound content of each coating, minus water, as applied, that belongs to the same coating category "P" used during the averaging period by using the method described in subrule (5) of this rule.

(iii)      Determine the weight of volatile organic compounds used during the averaging period "M" by using the method described in subrule (6) of this rule.

(iv)      Determine the total volume of coating solids used during the averaging period "V" by using the method described in subrule (7) of this rule.

(v)      Determine the overall capture efficiency "N" by using the method described in subrule (10) of this rule.

(vi)      Determine the overall reduction efficiency "RT" by using the method described in subrule (11) of this rule.

(vii)      Determine the volume-weighted average weight of volatile organic compounds per gallon of coating solids, as applied, "Pb," by using the following equation:

= M (1 -      )

Pb           V        RT

(viii)       If "Pb" is less than or equal to the modified limit "B," the coating line meets the emission limit.

(c)      For coating lines that do not have an add-on emissions control device for which emission limits are expressed in pounds of volatile organic compounds per gallon of coating solids, as applied, use the following method:

(i)      Determine the volatile organic compound content of each coating, minus water, as applied, that belongs to the same coating category "P" used during the averaging period by using the method described in subrule (5) of this rule.

(ii)      Determine the weight of volatile organic compounds used during the averaging period "M" by using the method described in subrule (6) of this rule.

(iii)      Determine the total volume of coating solids used during the averaging period "V" by using the method described in subrule (7) of this rule.

(iv)      Determine the volume-weighted average weight of volatile organic compounds per gallon of coating solids, as applied, "Pc," by using the following equation:

= M

Pc     V

(v)      If "Pc"  is less than or equal to the specified limit, the coating line meets the emission limit.

(d)     For coating lines that have 1 or more add-on emissions control devices for which emission limits are expressed in pounds of volatile organic compounds per gallon of coating solids, as applied, use the following method:

(i)      Determine the volatile organic compound content of each coating, minus water, as applied, that belongs to the same coating category "P" used during the averaging period by using the method described in subrule (5) of this rule.

(ii)      Determine the weight of volatile organic compounds used during the averaging period "M" by using the method described in subrule (6) of this rule.

(iii)      Determine the total volume of coating solids used during the averaging period "V" by using the method described in subrule (7) of this rule.

(iv)      Determine the overall capture efficiency "N" by using the method described in subrule (10) of this rule.

(v)      Determine the overall reduction efficiency "RT" by using the method described in subrule (11) of this rule.

(vi)      Determine the volume-weighted average weight of volatile organic compounds per gallon of coating solids, as applied, "Pd," by using the following equation:

= M (1 -      )

Pd       V        RT

(vii)      If "Pd" is less than or equal to the specified limit, the coating line meets the emission limit.

(e)      For coating lines that do not have an add-on emissions control device for which emission limits are expressed in pounds of volatile organic compounds per gallon of applied coating solids, use the following method:

(i)      Determine the volatile organic compound content of each coating, minus water, as applied, that belongs to the same coating category "P" used during the averaging period by using the method described in subrule (5) of this rule.

(ii)      Determine the weight of volatile organic compounds used during the averaging period "M" by using the method described in subrule (6) of this rule.

(iii)      Determine the total volume of coating solids used during the averaging period "V" by using the method described in subrule (7) of this rule.

(iv)      Determine the overall transfer efficiency "T" by using the method described in subrule (9) of this rule.

(v)      Determine the volume-weighted average weight of volatile organic compounds per gallon of applied coating solids "Pe" by using the following equation:

=   M   

Pe                  (T) V

100

(vi)      If "Pe" is less than or equal to the specified limit, the coating line meets the emission limit.

(f)      For coating lines that have 1 or more add-on emissions control devices for which emission limits are expressed in pounds of volatile organic compounds per gallon of applied coating solids, use the following method:

(i)      Determine the volatile organic compound content of each coating, minus water, as applied, that belongs to the same coating category "P" used during the averaging period by using the method described in subrule (5) of this rule.

(ii)      Determine the weight of volatile organic compounds used during the averaging period "M" by using the method described in subrule (6) of this rule.

(iii)      Determine the total volume of coating solids used during the averaging period "V" by using the method described in subrule (7) of this rule.

(iv)      Determine the overall transfer efficiency "T" by using the method described in subrule (9) of this rule.

(v)      Determine the overall capture efficiency "N" by using the method described in subrule (10) of this rule.

(vi)      Determine the overall reduction efficiency "RT" by using the method described in subrule (11) of this rule.

(vii)      Determine the volume-weighted average weight of volatile organic compounds per gallon of applied coating solids "Pf" by using the following equation:

P f =

V

M

(T) 100

(1 - RT )

(viii)       If "Pf" is less than or equal to the specified limit, the coating line meets the emission limit.

(g)      For graphic arts lines that do not have an add-on emissions control device for which emission limits are expressed in pounds of volatile organic compounds per pound of solids, as applied, use the following method:

(i)      Determine the volatile organic compound content of each ink and coating, minus water, as applied, "P," used during the averaging period by using the method described in subrule (5) of this rule.

(ii)      Determine the weight of volatile organic compounds used during the averaging period "M" by using the method described in subrule (6) of this rule.

(iii)      Determine the weight of ink and coating solids used during the averaging period "W" by using the method described in subrule (8) of this rule.

(iv)      Determine the average pounds of volatile organic compound per pound of solids, as applied, "Pg,"  by  using  the  following  equation:

= M

Pg      W

(v)      If "Pg" is less than or equal to the specified limit, the graphic arts line meets the emission limit.

(h)      For graphic arts lines that have 1 or more add-on emissions control devices for which emission limits are expressed in pounds of volatile organic compounds per pound of solids, as applied, use the following method:

(i)      Determine the volatile organic compound content of each ink and coating, minus water, as applied, "P," used during the averaging period by using the method described in subrule (5) of this rule.

(ii)      Determine the  weight  of  volatile  organic  compounds  used during  the averaging period "M" by using the method described in subrule (6) of this rule.

(iii)      Determine the weight of ink and coating solids used during the averaging period "W" by using the method described in subrule (8) of this rule.

(iv)      Determine  the   overall  capture  efficiency  "N"  by  using   the  method described in subrule (10) of this rule.

(v)      Determine  the  overall   reduction  efficiency  "Rt"  by  using  the  method described in subrule (11) of this rule.

(vi)      Determine the average pounds of volatile organic compound per pound of solids, as applied, "Ph,"  by  using  the  following  equation:

= M (1 -      )

Ph      W        RT

(vii)      If "Ph" is less than or equal to the specified limit, the graphic arts line meets the emission limit.

(i)      For flatwood paneling coating lines that do not have an add-on emissions control device for which emission limits are expressed in pounds of volatile organic compound per 1,000 square feet of coated finished product, use the following method:

(i)      Determine the volatile organic compound content of each coating, minus water, as applied that belongs to the same coating category "P" used during the averaging period by using the method described in subrule (5) of this rule.

(ii)      Determine the weight of volatile organic compounds used during the averaging period "M" by using the method described in subrule (6) of this rule.

(iii)      Determine the total surface area of coated finished product for the coating category during the averaging period "sq".

(iv)      Determine the volume-weighted average pounds of volatile organic compounds per 1,000 square feet of coated finished product "Pi" by using the following equation:

M

i

 

P =   sq  

1,000

Where the units for the term 1,000 are square feet.

(v)      If "Pi" is less than or equal to the specified limit, the coating line meets the emission limit.

(j)      For flatwood paneling coating lines that have 1 or more add-on emissions control devices for which emission limits are expressed in pounds of volatile organic compounds per 1,000 square feet of coated finished product, use the following method:

(i)      Determine the volatile organic compound content of each coating, minus water, as applied, that belongs to the same coating category "P" used during the averaging period by using the method described in subrule (5) of this rule.

(ii)      Determine the weight of volatile organic compounds used during the specified averaging period "M" by using the method described in subrule (6) of this rule.

(iii)      Determine the total surface area of coated finished product for the coating category during the averaging period "sq".

(iv)      Determine the overall capture efficiency "N" by using the method described in subrule (10) of this rule.

(v)      Determine the overall reduction efficiency "RT" by using the method described in subrule (11) of this rule.

(vi)      Determine the volume-weighted average pounds of volatile organic compounds per 1,000 square feet of coated finished product "Pj" by using the following equation:

P j =

M

sq 1,000

(1 - RT )

Where the units for the term 1,000 are square feet.

(vii)       If "Pj" is less than or equal to the specified limit, the coating line meets the emission limit.

History: 1993 AACS; 2002 AACS.