Section 299.49. Footnotes for generic cleanup criteria tables.

(1) The footnotes that apply to the generic criteria tables in R 299.44, R 299.46, and R 299.48 are as follows:

(A)             Criterion is the state of Michigan drinking water standard established pursuant to Section 5 of 1976 PA 399, MCL 325.1005.

(B)              Background, as defined in R 299.1(b), may be substituted if higher than the calculated cleanup criterion. Background levels may be less than criteria for some inorganic compounds.

(C)              The criterion developed under R 299.20 to R 299.26 exceeds the chemical- specific soil saturation screening level (Csat). The person proposing or implementing response activity shall document whether additional response activity is required to control free-phase liquids or NAPL to protect against risks associated with free-phase liquids by using methods appropriate for the free-phase liquids present. Development of a site-specific Csat or methods presented in R 299.22, R 299.24(5), and                                               R 299.26(8) may be conducted for the relevant exposure pathways.

(D)             Calculated criterion exceeds 100 percent, hence it is reduced to 100 percent or 1.0E+9 parts per billion (ppb).

(E)              Criterion is the aesthetic drinking water value, as required by Section 20120a(5) of the Natural Resources and Environmental Protection Act, 1994 PA 451, as amended (NREPA). A notice of aesthetic impact may be employed as an institutional control mechanism if groundwater concentrations exceed  the aesthetic drinking water criterion, but do not exceed the applicable health-based drinking water value provided in the following table:

Hazardous Substance	Chemical Abstract Service Number	Residential Health- Based Drinking Water Value	Non- Residential Health- Based Drinking Water Value
Aluminum	7429905	300	4,100
tertiary Amyl methyl ether	994058	910	2,600
Copper	7440508	1,400	4,000
Diethyl ether	60297	3,700	10,000
Ethylbenzene	100414	700	700
Iron	7439896	2,000	5,600
Manganese	7439965	860	2,500
Methyl-tert-butyl ether (MTBE)	1634044	240	690
Toluene	108883	1,000	1,000
1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene	95636	1,000	2,900
1,3,5-Trimethylbenzene	108678	1,000	2,900
Xylenes	1330207	10,000	10,000

(F)               Criterion is based on adverse impacts to plant life and phytotoxicity.

(G)             Groundwater surface water interface (GSI) criterion depends on the pH or water hardness, or both, of the receiving surface water. The final chronic value (FCV) for the protection of aquatic life shall be calculated based on the pH or hardness of the receiving surface water. Where water hardness exceeds 400 mg CaCO3/L, use 400 mg CaCO3/L for the FCV calculation. The FCV formula provides values in units of ug/L or ppb. The generic GSI criterion is the lesser of the calculated FCV, the wildlife value (WV), and the surface water human non-drinking water value (HNDV). The soil GSI protection criteria for these hazardous substances are the greater of the 20 times the GSI criterion or the GSI soil-water partition values using the GSI criteria developed with the procedure described in this footnote.

Hazardous Substance	FCV Formula ug/L	FCV Conversion Factor (CF)	WV ug/L	HNDV ug/L
Acetate	EXP(0.2732*(pH) + 7.0362)	NA	NA	1.3E+6
Acetic Acid	EXP(0.2732*(pH) + 7.0362)	NA	NA	1.3E+6
Barium	EXP(1.0629*(LnH)+1.1869)	NA	NA	1.6E+5
Beryllium	EXP(2.5279*(LnH)-10.7689)	NA	NA	1,200
CadmiumÄ	(EXP(0.7852*(LnH)-2.715))*CF	1.101672-	NA	130
Chromium (III) Ä	(EXP(0.819*(LnH)+0.6848))*CF	0.86	NA	9,400
Copper	(EXP(0.8545*(LnH)-1.702))	0.96	NA	38,000
LeadÄ	(EXP(0.9859*(LnH)-1.270))*CF	1.46203-	NA	190
ManganeseÄ	EXP(0.8784*(LnH)+3.5385)	NA	NA	59,000
Nickel	(EXP(0.846*(LnH)+0.0584))*CF	0.997	NA	2.1E+5
PentachlorophenolÄ	EXP(1.005*(pH)-5.134)	NA	NA	2.8
Zinc	(EXP(0.8473*(LnH)+0.884))*CF	0.986	NA	16,000

where,

EXP(x)    =  The base of the natural logarithm raised to power x (ex).

LnH    =  The natural logarithm of water hardness in mg CaCO3/L.

*    =  The multiplication symbol.

Ä     =   The GSI criterion developed here may not be protective for surface water that is used as a drinking water source.  Refer to footnote (X) for

further guidance.

A spreadsheet that may be used to calculate GSI and GSI protection criteria for (G)-footnoted hazardous substances is available on the Department of Environmental Quality (DEQ) internet web site.

(H)             Valence-specific chromium data (Cr III and Cr VI) shall be compared to the corresponding valence-specific cleanup criteria. If both Cr III and Cr VI are present in groundwater, the total concentration of both cannot exceed the drinking water criterion of 100 ug/L. If analytical data are provided for total chromium only, they shall be compared to the cleanup criteria for Cr VI. Cr III soil cleanup criterion for protection of drinking water can only be used at sites where groundwater is prevented from being used as a public water supply, currently and in the future, through an approved land or resource use restriction.

(I)                Hazardous substance may exhibit the characteristic of ignitability as defined in 40

C.F.R. §261.21 (revised as of July 1, 2001), which is adopted by reference in these rules and is available for inspection at the DEQ, 525 West Allegan Street, Lansing, Michigan. Copies of the regulation may be purchased, at a cost as of the time of adoption of these rules of $45, from the Superintendent of Documents, Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20401 (stock number 869-044- 00155-1), or from the DEQ, Remediation and Redevelopment Division (RRD), 525 West Allegan Street, Lansing, Michigan 48933, at cost.

(J)                Hazardous substance may be present in several isomer forms. Isomer-specific concentrations shall be added together for comparison to criteria.

(K)             Hazardous substance may be flammable or explosive, or both.

(L)              Criteria for lead are derived using a biologically based model, as allowed for under Section 20120a(9) of the NREPA, and are not calculated using the algorithms and assumptions specified in pathway-specific rules. The generic residential drinking water criterion of 4 ug/L is linked to the generic residential soil direct contact criterion of 400 mg/kg. A higher concentration in the drinking water, up to the state action level of 15 ug/L, may be allowed as a site-specific remedy and still allow for drinking water use, under Section 20120a(2) and 20120b of the NREPA if soil concentrations are appropriately lower than 400 mg/kg. If a site-specific criterion is approved based on this subdivision, a notice shall be filed on the deed for all property where the groundwater concentrations will exceed 4 ug/L to provide notice of the potential for unacceptable risk if soil or groundwater concentrations increase. Acceptable combinations of site-specific soil and drinking water concentrations are presented in the following table:

Acceptable Combinations of Lead in Drinking Water and Soil

Drinking Water Concentration (ug/L)	Soil Concentration (mg/kg)
5	386-395
6	376-385
7	376-385
8	366-375

9	356-365
10	346-355
11	336-345
12	336-345
13	326-335
14	316-325
15	306-315

(M)            Calculated criterion is below the analytical target detection limit, therefore, the criterion defaults to the target detection limit.

(N)             The concentrations of all potential sources of nitrate-nitrogen (e.g., ammonia-N, nitrite-N, nitrate-N) in groundwater that is used as a source of drinking water shall not, when added together, exceed the nitrate drinking water criterion of 10,000 ug/L. Where leaching to groundwater is a relevant pathway, soil concentrations of all potential sources of nitrate-nitrogen shall not, when added together, exceed the nitrate drinking water protection criterion of 2.0E+5 ug/kg.

(O)             The concentration of all polychlorinated and polybrominated dibenzodioxin and dibenzofuran isomers present at a facility, expressed as an equivalent concentration of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin based upon their relative potency, shall be added together and compared to the criteria for 2,3,7,8- tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin. The generic cleanup criteria for 2,3,7,8- tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin are not calculated according to the algorithms presented in R 299.14 to R 299.26. The generic cleanup criteria are being held at the values that the DEQ has used since August 1998, in recognition of the fact that national efforts to reassess risks posed by dioxin are not yet complete. Until these studies are complete, it is premature to select a revised slope factor and/or reference dose for calculation of generic cleanup criteria.

(P)               Amenable cyanide methods or method OIA-1677 shall be used to quantify cyanide concentrations for compliance with all groundwater criteria. Total cyanide methods or method OIA-1677 shall be used to quantify cyanide concentrations for compliance with soil criteria. Nonresidential direct contact criteria may not be protective of the potential for release of hydrogen cyanide gas. Additional land or resource use restrictions may be necessary to protect for the acute inhalation concerns associated with hydrogen cyanide gas.

(Q)             Criteria for carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons were developed using relative potential potencies to benzo(a)pyrene.

(R)              Hazardous substance may exhibit the characteristic of reactivity as defined in 40

C.F.R. §261.23 (revised as of July 1, 2001), which is adopted by reference in these rules and is available for inspection at the DEQ, 525 West Allegan Street, Lansing, Michigan. Copies of the regulation may be purchased, at a cost as of the time of adoption of these rules of $45, from the Superintendent of Documents, Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20401 (stock number 869-044- 00155-1), or from the DEQ, RRD, 525 West Allegan Street, Lansing, Michigan 48933, at cost.

(S)               Criterion defaults to the hazardous substance-specific water solubility limit.

(T)               Refer to the federal Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA), 40 C.F.R. §761, Subpart D and 40 C.F.R. §761, Subpart G, to determine the applicability of TSCA cleanup standards. Subpart D and Subpart G of 40 C.F.R. §761 (July 1, 2001) are adopted by reference in these rules and are available for inspection at the DEQ, 525 West Allegan Street, Lansing, Michigan. Copies of the regulations may be purchased, at a cost as of the time of adoption of these rules of $55, from the Superintendent of Documents, Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20401, or from the DEQ, RRD, 525 West Allegan Street, Lansing, Michigan 48933, at cost. Alternatives to compliance with the TSCA standards listed below are possible under 40 C.F.R. §761 Subpart D. New releases may be subject to the standards identified in 40 C.F.R. §761, Subpart G. Use Part 201 soil direct contact cleanup criteria in the following table if TSCA standards are not applicable.

Land Use Category	TSCA, Subpart D Cleanup Standards	Part 201 Soil Direct Contact Cleanup Criteria
Residential	1,000 ppb, or 10,000 ppb if capped	4,000 ppb
Nonresidential	1,000 ppb, or 10,000 ppb if capped	16,000 ppb

(U)             Hazardous substance may exhibit the characteristic of corrosivity as defined in 40

C.F.R. §261.22 (revised as of July 1, 2001), which is adopted by reference in these rules and is available for inspection at the DEQ, 525 West Allegan Street, Lansing, Michigan. Copies of the regulation may be purchased, at a cost as of the time of adoption of these rules of $45, from the Superintendent of Documents, Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20401 (stock number 869-044- 00155-1), or from the DEQ, RRD, 525 West Allegan Street, Lansing, Michigan 48933, at cost.

(V)             Criterion is the aesthetic drinking water value as required by Section 20120(a)(5) of the NREPA. Concentrations up to 200 ug/L may be acceptable, and still allow for drinking water use, as part of a site-specific cleanup under Section 20120a(2) and 20120b of the NREPA.

(W)            Concentrations of trihalomethanes in groundwater shall be added together to determine compliance with the Michigan drinking water standard of 80 ug/L. Concentrations of trihalomethanes in soil shall be added together to determine compliance with the drinking water protection criterion of 1,600 ug/kg.

(X)             The GSI criterion shown in the generic cleanup criteria tables is not protective for surface water that is used as a drinking water source. For a groundwater discharge to the Great Lakes and their connecting waters or discharge in close proximity to a water supply intake in inland surface waters, the generic GSI

criterion shall be the surface water human drinking water value (HDV) listed in the table in this footnote, except for those HDV indicated with an asterisk. For HDV with an asterisk, the generic GSI criterion shall be the lowest of the HDV, the WV, and the calculated FCV. See formulas in footnote (G). Soil protection criteria based on the HDV shall be as listed in the table in this footnote, except for those values with an asterisk. Soil GSI protection criteria based on the HDV shall be as listed in the table in this footnote, except for those values with an asterisk. Soil GSI protection criteria for compounds with an asterisk shall be the greater of 20 times the GSI criterion or the GSI soil-water partition values using the GSI criteria developed with the procedure described in this footnote.

Hazardous Substance	Chemical Abstract Service Number	Surface Water Human Drinking Water Values (HDV) (ug/L)	Soil GSI Protection Criteria for HDV (ug/kg)
Acrylamide	79061	0.5 (M); 0.12	10
Alachlor	15972608	3.5	88
Antimony	7440360	2.0 (M); 1.7	1,200
Benzene	71432	12	240
Boron	7440428	4,000	80,000
Bromate	15541454	10 (M); 0.5	200
n-Butanol	71363	3,500	70,000
Butyl benzyl phthalate	85687	6.9	13,000
Cadmium	7440439	2.5*	*
Carbon tetrachloride	56235	5.6	110
Chloride	16887006	50,000	1.0E+6
Chloroethane	75003	170	3,400
Chromium (III)	16065831	120*	*
Cyanazine	21725462	2.0 (M); 0.93	200 (M); 40
1,2-Dichloroethane	107062	6.0	120
trans-1,2-Dichloroethylene	156605	470	9,400
1,2-Dichloropropane	78875	9.1	180
1,3-Dichloropropene	542756	3.3	100 (M); 66
N,N-Dimethylacetamide	127195	700	14,000
1,4-Dioxane	123911	34	680
Ethylene dibromide	106934	0.17	20 (M); 3.4
Ethylene glycol	107211	56,000	1.1E+6
Hexachloroethane	67721	5.3	310
Isophorone	78591	310	6,200
Isopropyl alcohol	67630	28,000	5.6E+5
Lead	7439921	14*	*

Hazardous Substance	Chemical Abstract Service Number	Surface Water Human Drinking Water Values (HDV) (ug/L)	Soil GSI Protection Criteria for HDV (ug/kg)
Manganese	7439965	1,300*	*
Methanol	67561	14,000	2.8E+5
Methyl-tert-butyl ether (MTBE)	1634044	100	2,000
Methylene chloride	75092	47	940
Molybdenum	7439987	120	2,400
Nitrobenzene	98953	4.7	330 (M); 94
Pentachlorophenol	87865	1.8*	*
Styrene	100425	20	530
1,2,4,5-Tetrachlorobenzene	95943	2.8	3,300
1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane	79345	3.2	64
Tetrachloroethylene	127184	11	220
Tetrahydrofuran	109999	350	7,000
Thallium	7440280	2.0 (M); 1.2	1,400
1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene	120821	80	4,700
1,1,2-Trichloroethane	79005	12	240
Trichloroethylene	79016	29	580
Vinyl chloride	75014	1.0 (M); 0.25	40 (M); 20

(Y)             Source size modifiers shown in the following table shall be used to determine soil inhalation criteria for ambient air when the source size is not one-half acre. The modifier shall be multiplied by the generic soil inhalation criteria shown in the table of generic cleanup criteria to determine the applicable criterion. See Footnote (C).

Source Size sq. feet or acres	Modifier
400 sq feet	3.17
1000 sq feet	2.2
2000 sq feet	1.76
1/4 acre	1.15
1/2 acre	1
1 acre	0.87

2 acre	0.77
5 acre	0.66
10 acre	0.6
32 acre	0.5
100 acre	0.43

(Z)              Mercury is typically measured as total mercury. The generic cleanup criteria, however, are based on data for different species of mercury. Specifically, data for elemental mercury, chemical abstract service (CAS) number 7439976, serve as the basis for the soil volatilization to indoor air criteria, groundwater volatilization to indoor air, and soil inhalation criteria. Data for methyl mercury, CAS number 22967926, serve as the basis for the GSI criterion; and data for mercuric chloride, CAS number 7487947, serve as the basis for the drinking water, groundwater contact, soil direct contact, and the groundwater protection criteria. Comparison to criteria shall be based on species-specific analytical data only if sufficient facility characterization has been conducted to rule out the presence of other species of mercury.

(AA) Use 10,000 ug/l where groundwater enters a structure through the use of a water well, sump or other device.  Use 28,000 ug/l for all other uses.

(BB)  The state drinking water standard for asbestos (fibers greater than 10 micrometers in length) is in units of a million fibers per liter of water (MFL). Soil concentrations of asbestos are determined by polarized light microscopy.

(CC) Groundwater: The generic GSI criteria are based on the toxicity of unionized ammonia (NH3); the criteria are 29 ug/L and 53 ug/L for cold water and warm water surface water, respectively. As a result, the GSI criterion shall be compared to the percent of the total ammonia concentration in the groundwater that will become NH3 in the surface water. This percent NH3 is a function of the pH and temperature of the receiving surface water and can be estimated using the following table, taken from Emerson, et al., (Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada, Volume 32(12):2382, 1975).

Percent NH3 in Aqueous Ammonia Solutions for 0-30 oC and pH 6-10

pH

Temp Temp

(oF)     (oC)  6.0          6.5        7.0        7.5      8.0      8.5    9.0    9.5    10.0

32.0	0	0.00827	0.0261	0.0826	0.261	0.820	2.55	7.64	20.7	45.3
33.8	1	0.00899	0.0284	0.0898	0.284	0.891	2.77	8.25	22.1	47.3
35.6	2	0.00977	0.0309	0.0977	0.308	0.968	3.00	8.90	23.6	49.4
37.4	3	0.0106	0.0336	0.106	0.335	1.05	3.25	9.60	25.1	51.5
39.2	4	0.0115	0.0364	0.115	0.363	1.14	3.52	10.3	26.7	53.5
41.0	5	0.0125	0.0395	0.125	0.394	1.23	3.80	11.1	28.3	55.6
42.8	6	0.0136	0.0429	0.135	0.427	1.34	4.11	11.9	30.0	57.6
44.6	7	0.0147	0.0464	0.147	0.462	1.45	4.44	12.8	31.7	59.5
46.4	8	0.0159	0.0503	0.159	0.501	1.57	4.79	13.7	33.5	61.4
48.2	9	0.0172	0.0544	0.172	0.542	1.69	5.16	14.7	35.3	63.3
50.0	10	0.0186	0.0589	0.186	0.586	1.83	5.56	15.7	37.1	65.1
51.8	11	0.0201	0.0637	0.201	0.633	1.97	5.99	16.8	38.9	66.8
53.6	12	0.0218	0.0688	0.217	0.684	2.13	6.44	17.9	40.8	68.5
55.4	13	0.0235	0.0743	0.235	0.738	2.30	6.92	19.0	42.6	70.2
57.2	14	0.0254	0.0802	0.253	0.796	2.48	7.43	20.2	44.5	71.7
59.0	15	0.0274	0.0865	0.273	0.859	2.67	7.97	21.5	46.4	73.3
60.8	16	0.0295	0.0933	0.294	0.925	2.87	8.54	22.8	48.3	74.7
62.6	17	0.0318	0.101	0.317	0.996	3.08	9.14	24.1	50.2	76.1
64.4	18	0.0343	0.108	0.342	1.07	3.31	9.78	25.5	52.0	77.4
66.2	19	0.0369	0.117	0.368	1.15	3.56	10.5	27.0	53.9	78.7
68.0	20	0.0397	0.125	0.396	1.24	3.82	11.2	28.4	55.7	79.9
69.8	21	0.0427	0.135	0.425	1.33	4.10	11.9	29.9	57.5	81.0
71.6	22	0.0459	0.145	0.457	1.43	4.39	12.7	31.5	59.2	82.1
73.4	23	0.0493	0.156	0.491	1.54	4.70	13.5	33.0	60.9	83.2
75.2	24	0.0530	0.167	0.527	1.65	5.03	14.4	34.6	62.6	84.1
77.0	25	0.0569	0.180	0.566	1.77	5.38	15.3	36.3	64.3	85.1
78.8	26	0.0610	0.193	0.607	1.89	5.75	16.2	37.9	65.9	85.9
80.6	27	0.0654	0.207	0.651	2.03	6.15	17.2	39.6	67.4	86.8
82.4	28	0.0701	0.221	0.697	2.17	6.56	18.2	41.2	68.9	87.3
84.2	29	0.0752	0.237	0.747	2.32	7.00	19.2	42.9	70.4	88.3
86.0	30	0.0805	0.254	0.799	2.48	7.46	20.3	44.6	71.8	89.0

The generic approach for estimating NH3 assumes a default pH of 8 and default temperatures of 68°F and 85°F for cold water and warm water surface water, respectively. The resulting percent NH3 is 3.8 percent and 7.2 percent for cold water and warm water, respectively. This default percentage shall be multiplied by the total ammonia-nitrogen (NH3-N) concentration in the groundwater and the resulting NH3  concentration compared to the applicable GSI criterion. As an alternative, the maximum pH and temperature data from the specific receiving

surface water can be used to estimate, from the table in this footnote, a lower percent unionized ammonia concentration for comparison to the generic GSI.

Soil:   The generic soil GSI protection criteria for unionized ammonia are 580 ug/kg and 1,100 ug/kg for cold water and warm water surface water, respectively.

(DD) Hazardous substance causes developmental effects. Residential direct contact criteria are protective of both prenatal and postnatal exposure. Nonresidential direct contact criteria are protective for a pregnant adult receptor.

(EE)  The following are applicable generic GSI criteria as required by Section 20120e of the NREPA.

Hazardous Substance	GSI (ug/L)	Notes
Phosphorus	1,000	Criteria applicable unless receiving water is a surface water that has a phosphorus waste load allocation or is an inland lake. In those cases, contact the department for applicable values.
Total dissolved solids (TDS)	5.0E+5	If TDS data are not available, the TDS criterion may be used a screening level for the sum of the concentrations of the following substances: calcium, chlorides, iron, magnesium, potassium, sodium, sulfate.
Dissolved Oxygen (DO): Cold receiving waters Warm receiving waters	³ 7,000 ³ 5,000	Since a low level of DO can be harmful to aquatic life, the criterion represents a minimum level that on-site samples must exceed.  This is in contrast to other
		criteria which represent “not to exceed”
		concentrations.  DO criteria are not
		applicable if groundwater Carbonaceous
		Biochemical Oxygen Demand (CBOD) is
		less than 10,000 ug/L and groundwater
		ammonia concentration is less than 2,000
		ug/L.

(FF) The chloride GSI criterion shall be 125 mg/l when the discharge is to surface waters of the state designated as public water supply sources or 50 mg/l when the discharge is to the Great Lakes or connecting waters. Chloride GSI criteria shall not apply for surface waters of the state that are not designated as a public water supply source, however, the total dissolved solids criterion is applicable.

(GG) Risk-based criteria are not available for methane due to insufficient toxicity data. An  acceptable   soil  gas  concentration   (presented  for  both   residential  and

nonresidential land uses) was derived utilizing 25 percent of the lower explosive level for methane.  This equates to 1.25 percent or 8.4E+6 ug/m3.

(HH) The residential criterion for sodium is 230,000 ug/l in accordance  with   the Sodium Advisory Council recommendation and revised Groundwater Discharge Standards.

“ID” means insufficient data to develop criterion.

“NA” means a criterion or value is not available or, in the case of background and CAS numbers, not applicable.

“NLL” means hazardous substance is not likely to leach under most soil conditions. “NLV” means hazardous substance is not likely to volatilize under most conditions.

History: 2013 AACS.